Wednesday, September 10, 2008

UnderWorld

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Underworld

In the study of mythology and religion, the underworld (gr: κάτω κόσμος) is a generic term approximately equivalent to the lay term afterlife, referring to any place to which newly dead souls go. In most cultures the term refers to a neutral or dystopic realm of the afterlife, instead of a heavenly one. Sometimes the underworld is identified as "Hell" because Hell was thought to be under the Earth.

Aztec mythology Mictlan
Babylonian mythology Kurnugia
Buddhist mythology Naraka (also Niraya)
Celtic mythology Annwn, Mag Mell
Chinese mythology Yum gan (陰間) is an underworld though not necessarily negative like Diyu (地獄)
Christian mythology Hades, Hell, Limbo, Paradise, Purgatory, Devil
Egyptian mythology Aaru, Anubis, Duat, Neter-khertet
Estonian mythology Toonela
Fijian mythology see Melanesian mythology.
Finnish mythology Tuonela
Greek mythology
Main article: Greek underworld
Elysium, Asphodel Meadows, Hades, Tartarus
Hebrew Mythology Sheol, Gehenna
Hindu mythology Amaravati, Bhogavati, Naraka, Soma, Svarga, Patal
Inca mythology Uku Pacha
Inuit mythology Adlivun
Islamic mythology Jahannam, Narr, Jannah, Barzakh, Araf
Japanese mythology Yomi, Jigoku
Latvian mythology Aizsaule
Maori mythology Hawaiki
Mapuche mythology Pellumawida, Degin, Wenuleufu, Ngullchenmaiwe
Mayan mythology Metnal, Xibalba
Melanesian mythology (includes Fijian) Bulu, Burotu, Murimuria, Nabangatai, Tuma
Norse mythology Gimlé, Hel, Niflheim, Valhalla, Vingólf
Oromo mythology Ekera
Philippine mythology Kasanaan, Empiyerno
Polynesian mythology Avaiki, Bulotu, Iva, Lua-o-Milu, Nga- Atua, Pulotu, Rangi Tuarea, Te Toi-o-nga-Ranga, Uranga-o-Te-Ra
Pueblo mythology Shipap
Roman mythology Avernus, Hades, Pluto
Slavic mythology Peklo
Sumerian mythology Dilmun, Kur, Ki-Gal
Vodou mythology Guinee
Wagawaga mythology Hiyoyoa

[edit] Rulers of the Underworld

(Note: this includes guardian-type creatures, ghosts, and spirits such as demons, veli, and Cerberus)

Aboriginal mythology Baiame (Kamilaroi), Eingana
Akkadian mythology Allu, Anu, Anunnaku, Ereshkigal, Etemmu, Gallu, Humbaba, Mamitu, Nergal, Utnapishtim
Albanian mythology E Bukura e Dheut
Armenian mythology Spandaramat
Aztec mythology Mictlantecuhtli, Mictecacihuatl, Chalmecacihuilt, Chalmecatl
Babylonian mythology Erra, Nergal, Ninlil, Sursunabu, Ur-shanabi, Utnapishtim
Balinese mythology Batara Kala, Setesuyara
Bon mythology gNyan
Buddhist mythology Yama, Emma-O-, Yanluo
Canaanite mythology Mot
Celtic mythology Arawn, Bean Sidhe, Cernunnos, Cwn Annwn, Gwyn ap Nudd, Latiaran, Manannan mac Lir, Midir, Morrigan, Niamh, Pwyll, Sluagh, Tethra
Chinese mythology Gu(i, Yanluo
Christian mythology Angels, Demons, Devil, God, Michael, Saint Peter, Satan
Egyptian mythology Aken, Aker (strictly only the gatekeeper), Am-heh, Amunet, Ammit, Andjety, Anubis, Apep, Apis, Astennu, Ha, Imiut (if the Imiut was ever considered a god), Isis, Mehen, Naunet, Nehebkau, Nephthys, Nun, Nut, Osiris, Ptah, Seker, Thoth
Elamite mythology Jabru
Etruscan mythology Charun, Culsu, Februus, Mania, Mantus, Nethuns, Tuchulcha, Vanth
Finnish mythology Kalma, Kipu-Tyttö, Kivutar, Lovitar, Surma, Tuonen akka, Tuonetar, Tuoni, Vammatar
Greek mythology Cerberus, Charon, Hades, Keres, Persephone, Styx, Thanatos, Tartaros
Georgian mythology sasuleti
Haida mythology Ta'xet, Tia
Hinduism asuras, Bali, Chitragupta, devas, Durga, Naga (mythology), Rudra, Soma, Varuna, Vivasvat, Vritra, Yama
Hopi mythology Kachina
Ibo mythology Ala
Incan mythology Supay, Vichama
Indonesian mythology Dewi Shri, Ndara
Inuit mythology Pana, Sedna
Islamic mythology Hafaza, Huri, Iblis/Shaitan, Ifrit, Jinn, Mala'ikah, Peri
Japanese mythology Hisa-Me, Hotoke, Ika-Zuchi-no-Kami, Jikininki, Shiko-Me, Shiti Dama, Shi-Ryo, Yama
Kassite mythology Dur
Khmer mythology Preas Eyssaur
Latvian mythology Veli, Velu mate, Zemes mate
Levantine mythology Mot
Lunda mythology Kalunga
Maori mythology Kewa
Maya mythology Xibalba
Melanesian mythology (includes Fijian mythology) Degei, Ratumaibulu, Samulayo
Narragansett mythology Chepi
Navaho mythology Estanatelhi
Niquiran mythology Mictanteot
Norse mythology Garm, Hel, Ran
Orokolo mythology Kiavari
Persian mythology Angra Mainyu, Azhi Dahaka, Peri
Philippine mythology (Look to the Christian Mythology for more information) Demonyo Demon, Lucifer, Dyablo Diablo, Satan, Diyos God
Phoenician mythology Horon
Phrygian mythology Men
Polynesian mythology Hikuleo, Hina, Hine-nui-te-Po, Kanaloa, Kiho, Makea Tutara, Mahiuki, Mahu-ike, Marama, Mauri, Merau, Milu, Miru, Rimu, Rohe (mythology), Whiro
Prussian mythology Picullus
Pueblo mythology Iyatiku
Roma (Gypsy) mythology
Roman mythology Cerberus, Dea Tacita, Dis Pater, Egestes, Fames, Inferi Dii, Larenta, Letum, Libitina, Mors, Pluto, Proserpina, Viduus
Russian mythology Baba Yaga, Koshchei
Saami mythology Yambe-akka
Salish mythology Amotken
Siberian mythology Chebeldei, Kul
Slavic mythology Crnobog, Flins, Marzana, Nyia
Sumerian mythology Edimmu, Ekimmu, Endukugga, Enmesarra, Ereshkigal, Gidim, Gula, Irkalla, Kur, Namtar, Nergal, Neti, Nindukugga, Ninlil, Urshanabi, Ziusudra
Syrian mythology Reshep
Tamil mythology Cur
Thracian mythology Heros
Vodou Baron Cimetière, Baron La Croix, Baron Samedi, Ghede, Maman Brigitte, Marassa Jumeaux
Wagawaga mythology Tumudurere
Yoruba mythology Oya
Yurak mythology Nga
Zuni mythology Uhepono


http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hell

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hel_(location)

Hel, the location, shares a name with Hel, a female figure associated with the location. In late Icelandic sources, varying descriptions of Hel are given and various figures are described as being buried with items that will facilitate their journey to Hel after their death. In the Poetic Edda, Brynhildr's trip to Hel after her death is described and Odin, while alive, also visits Hel upon his horse Sleipnir. In the Prose Edda, Baldr goes to Hel upon death and subsequently Hermóðr uses Sleipnir to attempt to retrieve him. "Hel-shoes" are described in Gísla saga.


http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hel_(being)



Holle is theorized as an ancient Germanic supreme goddess of birth, death and reincarnation who predates most of the Germanic pantheon, dating back to the Neolithic before Indo-European invasion of Europe.[citation needed] She also appears as "Frau Holle" ("Mother Hulda") in Grimm's Fairy Tale #24. Alternative names for this goddess include Hel, Holla, Holda, Hulda, Hilde, Hilda, and many others.

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