http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/UnderworldIn the study of
mythology and
religion, the
underworld (gr:
κάτω κόσμος) is a generic term approximately equivalent to the lay term
afterlife, referring to any place to which newly
dead souls go. In most cultures the term refers to a neutral or
dystopic realm of the afterlife, instead of a
heavenly one. Sometimes the underworld is identified as "
Hell" because Hell was thought to be under the Earth.
Aztec mythology | Mictlan |
Babylonian mythology | Kurnugia |
Buddhist mythology | Naraka (also Niraya) |
Celtic mythology | Annwn, Mag Mell |
Chinese mythology | Yum gan (陰間) is an underworld though not necessarily negative like Diyu (地獄) |
Christian mythology | Hades, Hell, Limbo, Paradise, Purgatory, Devil |
Egyptian mythology | Aaru, Anubis, Duat, Neter-khertet |
Estonian mythology | Toonela |
Fijian mythology | see Melanesian mythology. |
Finnish mythology | Tuonela |
Greek mythology | - Elysium, Asphodel Meadows, Hades, Tartarus
|
Hebrew Mythology | Sheol, Gehenna |
Hindu mythology | Amaravati, Bhogavati, Naraka, Soma, Svarga, Patal |
Inca mythology | Uku Pacha |
Inuit mythology | Adlivun |
Islamic mythology | Jahannam, Narr, Jannah, Barzakh, Araf |
Japanese mythology | Yomi, Jigoku |
Latvian mythology | Aizsaule |
Maori mythology | Hawaiki |
Mapuche mythology | Pellumawida, Degin, Wenuleufu, Ngullchenmaiwe |
Mayan mythology | Metnal, Xibalba |
Melanesian mythology | (includes Fijian) Bulu, Burotu, Murimuria, Nabangatai, Tuma |
Norse mythology | Gimlé, Hel, Niflheim, Valhalla, Vingólf |
Oromo mythology | Ekera |
Philippine mythology | Kasanaan, Empiyerno |
Polynesian mythology | Avaiki, Bulotu, Iva, Lua-o-Milu, Nga- Atua, Pulotu, Rangi Tuarea, Te Toi-o-nga-Ranga, Uranga-o-Te-Ra |
Pueblo mythology | Shipap |
Roman mythology | Avernus, Hades, Pluto |
Slavic mythology | Peklo |
Sumerian mythology | Dilmun, Kur, Ki-Gal |
Vodou mythology | Guinee |
Wagawaga mythology | Hiyoyoa |
[edit] Rulers of the Underworld
(Note: this includes guardian-type creatures, ghosts, and spirits such as demons, veli, and Cerberus)
Aboriginal mythology | Baiame (Kamilaroi), Eingana |
Akkadian mythology | Allu, Anu, Anunnaku, Ereshkigal, Etemmu, Gallu, Humbaba, Mamitu, Nergal, Utnapishtim |
Albanian mythology | E Bukura e Dheut |
Armenian mythology | Spandaramat |
Aztec mythology | Mictlantecuhtli, Mictecacihuatl, Chalmecacihuilt, Chalmecatl |
Babylonian mythology | Erra, Nergal, Ninlil, Sursunabu, Ur-shanabi, Utnapishtim |
Balinese mythology | Batara Kala, Setesuyara |
Bon mythology | gNyan |
Buddhist mythology | Yama, Emma-O-, Yanluo |
Canaanite mythology | Mot |
Celtic mythology | Arawn, Bean Sidhe, Cernunnos, Cwn Annwn, Gwyn ap Nudd, Latiaran, Manannan mac Lir, Midir, Morrigan, Niamh, Pwyll, Sluagh, Tethra |
Chinese mythology | Gu(i, Yanluo |
Christian mythology | Angels, Demons, Devil, God, Michael, Saint Peter, Satan |
Egyptian mythology | Aken, Aker (strictly only the gatekeeper), Am-heh, Amunet, Ammit, Andjety, Anubis, Apep, Apis, Astennu, Ha, Imiut (if the Imiut was ever considered a god), Isis, Mehen, Naunet, Nehebkau, Nephthys, Nun, Nut, Osiris, Ptah, Seker, Thoth |
Elamite mythology | Jabru |
Etruscan mythology | Charun, Culsu, Februus, Mania, Mantus, Nethuns, Tuchulcha, Vanth |
Finnish mythology | Kalma, Kipu-Tyttö, Kivutar, Lovitar, Surma, Tuonen akka, Tuonetar, Tuoni, Vammatar |
Greek mythology | Cerberus, Charon, Hades, Keres, Persephone, Styx, Thanatos, Tartaros |
Georgian mythology | sasuleti |
Haida mythology | Ta'xet, Tia |
Hinduism | asuras, Bali, Chitragupta, devas, Durga, Naga (mythology), Rudra, Soma, Varuna, Vivasvat, Vritra, Yama |
Hopi mythology | Kachina |
Ibo mythology | Ala |
Incan mythology | Supay, Vichama |
Indonesian mythology | Dewi Shri, Ndara |
Inuit mythology | Pana, Sedna |
Islamic mythology | Hafaza, Huri, Iblis/Shaitan, Ifrit, Jinn, Mala'ikah, Peri |
Japanese mythology | Hisa-Me, Hotoke, Ika-Zuchi-no-Kami, Jikininki, Shiko-Me, Shiti Dama, Shi-Ryo, Yama |
Kassite mythology | Dur |
Khmer mythology | Preas Eyssaur |
Latvian mythology | Veli, Velu mate, Zemes mate |
Levantine mythology | Mot |
Lunda mythology | Kalunga |
Maori mythology | Kewa |
Maya mythology | Xibalba |
Melanesian mythology | (includes Fijian mythology) Degei, Ratumaibulu, Samulayo |
Narragansett mythology | Chepi |
Navaho mythology | Estanatelhi |
Niquiran mythology | Mictanteot |
Norse mythology | Garm, Hel, Ran |
Orokolo mythology | Kiavari |
Persian mythology | Angra Mainyu, Azhi Dahaka, Peri |
Philippine mythology (Look to the Christian Mythology for more information) | Demonyo Demon, Lucifer, Dyablo Diablo, Satan, Diyos God |
Phoenician mythology | Horon |
Phrygian mythology | Men |
Polynesian mythology | Hikuleo, Hina, Hine-nui-te-Po, Kanaloa, Kiho, Makea Tutara, Mahiuki, Mahu-ike, Marama, Mauri, Merau, Milu, Miru, Rimu, Rohe (mythology), Whiro |
Prussian mythology | Picullus |
Pueblo mythology | Iyatiku |
Roma (Gypsy) mythology |
|
Roman mythology | Cerberus, Dea Tacita, Dis Pater, Egestes, Fames, Inferi Dii, Larenta, Letum, Libitina, Mors, Pluto, Proserpina, Viduus |
Russian mythology | Baba Yaga, Koshchei |
Saami mythology | Yambe-akka |
Salish mythology | Amotken |
Siberian mythology | Chebeldei, Kul |
Slavic mythology | Crnobog, Flins, Marzana, Nyia |
Sumerian mythology | Edimmu, Ekimmu, Endukugga, Enmesarra, Ereshkigal, Gidim, Gula, Irkalla, Kur, Namtar, Nergal, Neti, Nindukugga, Ninlil, Urshanabi, Ziusudra |
Syrian mythology | Reshep |
Tamil mythology | Cur |
Thracian mythology | Heros |
Vodou | Baron Cimetière, Baron La Croix, Baron Samedi, Ghede, Maman Brigitte, Marassa Jumeaux |
Wagawaga mythology | Tumudurere |
Yoruba mythology | Oya |
Yurak mythology | Nga |
Zuni mythology | Uhepono |
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hellhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hel_(location)Hel, the location, shares a name with
Hel, a female figure associated with the location. In late
Icelandic sources, varying descriptions of Hel are given and various figures are described as being buried with items that will facilitate their journey to Hel after their death. In the
Poetic Edda,
Brynhildr's trip to Hel after her death is described and
Odin, while alive, also visits Hel upon his horse
Sleipnir. In the
Prose Edda,
Baldr goes to Hel upon death and subsequently
Hermóðr uses Sleipnir to attempt to retrieve him. "Hel-shoes" are described in
Gísla saga.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hel_(being)Holle is theorized as an ancient Germanic supreme goddess of birth, death and reincarnation who predates most of the Germanic pantheon, dating back to the Neolithic before Indo-European invasion of Europe.
[citation needed] She also appears as "Frau Holle" ("
Mother Hulda") in
Grimm's Fairy Tale #24. Alternative names for this goddess include
Hel, Holla,
Holda, Hulda, Hilde, Hilda, and many others.
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